Assessment for Canadian Business & Current Affairs (CBCA) by Lambton - Module 4: Content

Are the sampled PDFs image-only?

Answer: Never
Score: 2
Notes: 5 sampled PDF articles were not Image-Only.

Are the sampled PDFs locked (secured)?

Answer: Never
Score: 2
Notes: None of the five articles were locked.

Are the sampled PDFs fully searchable?

Answer: Always
Score: 2
Notes: All five PDFs were searchable and extractable.

Are alternative descriptions provided?

Answer: Never
Score: 0
Notes: Sample 1a 5 issues failed
Figures alternate text failed
Nested alternate text failed
Associated with content failed
Hides annotation failed
Other elements alternate text failed
Sample 2a
same as above
Sample 3a
same as above
Sample 4a
same as above
Sample 5a
same as above

Is primary language specified?

Answer: Sometimes
Score: 1
Notes: 1 No, failed
2 Yes, passed
3 No, failed
4 No, failed
5 No, failed

Is reliable character encoding provided?

Answer: Always
Score: 2
Notes: 1. Passed
2. Passed
3. Passed
4. Passed
5. Passed

Are all page elements tagged?

Answer: Never
Score: 0
Notes: 1 Tagged content failed
2 Tagged content failed
3 Tagged content failed
4 Tagged content failed
5 Tagged content failed

Are list and table structure correct?

Answer: Never
Score: 0
Notes: 1 NA (no lists or tables)
2 NA (no lists or tables)
3 Tables and lists failed
4 Tables and lists failed
5 Tables and lists failed

Does the Read Out Loud function read the PDF in a logical way, preserving the order of the text and various sections?

Answer: Sometimes
Score: 1
Notes: 1 Yes
2 Yes
3 (Perceptions of gender equity in emergency) This article is in two column format, which the reader tool managed fine, until it encountered the first Tables, which were placed in adjacent columns. Most of the content was bookmarked, but the tables were not bookmarked. The reader jumbled the two tables together. Table 2 was shorter than table 1, and there was continuing text to read after table 2. This continuing text was jumbled with the content of the ongoing Table 1.
4 (Indigenous and non-Indigenous) This article was not bookmarked, so the reader attempted to read full pages in order. When I attempted to use the "advance" button on the tool to skip to the next page, it did not go directly to the following page, but skipped it and landed on the page after that. I was able to use the "back" button in the tool to return to the page that was skipped. The tool was completely unable to handle Tables as they occurred, though there was this time only one column of main text. The first table was divided into sections, and this was unmanageable for the screen reader.
5 (Building food system resilience) Reader did fine until it encountered Table 1. The title and column headings were fine, but in reading horizontal rows, it occasionally jumped from the first column to the third, though it had not finished the text in the first column, and there was content in the second column: "Integration...[skipped: of resilience-inspired policymaking; System variable] required for generating momentum"

Does the Read out Loud function avoid problematic elements such as excessive blank spaces read as “blank”?

Answer: Not Applicable
Score: -1
Notes: Did not find examples of items with "problematic elements" to sample.

Are the controls consistent and effective for navigating through the document?

Answer: Sometimes
Score: 1
Notes: 1 Yes
2 Yes
3 This article was not bookmarked, so the reader attempted to read full pages in order. When I attempted to use the "advance" button on the tool to skip to the next page, it did not go directly to the following page, but skipped it and landed on the page after that. I was able to use the "back" button in the tool to return to the page that was skipped. The tool was completely unable to handle Tables as they occurred, though there was this time only one column of main text. The first table was divided into sections, and this was unmanageable for the screen reader.
4 (Indigenous and non-Indigenous) This article was not bookmarked, so the reader attempted to read full pages in order. When I attempted to use the "advance" button on the tool to skip to the next page, it did not go directly to the following page, but skipped it and landed on the page after that. I was able to use the "back" button in the tool to return to the page that was skipped. The tool was completely unable to handle Tables as they occurred, though there was this time only one column of main text. The first table was divided into sections, and this was unmanageable for the screen reader.
5 Yes

When zooming in to 250%, does all text, images, tables, and other elements appear clear and easy to read?

Answer: Sometimes
Score: 1
Notes: 1 NA
2 NA
3 Any Graphs, tables and labels are easy to read
4 Any Graphs, tables and labels are easy to read
5 Any Graphs, tables and labels are a bit pixelated, NO

Are the images positioned prominently and easy to find?

Answer: Always
Score: 2
Notes: 1 NA
2 NA
3 Yes easy
4 Yes easy
5 Yes easy

Do informative images contain appropriate alt text or an appropriate textual alternative?

Answer: Never
Score: 0
Notes: None of the documents tested has tagging, so there is no alt text for images.

Do images used as titles contain appropriate alt text or an appropriate textual alternative?

Answer: Never
Score: 0
Notes: None of the PDFs sampled has tags, so there are no images used as titles that would have alt text.

Do rich images contain appropriate alt text or an appropriate textual alternative?

Answer: Never
Score: 0
Notes: None of the PDFs sampled had tags, so none of the rich images would have alt text.

Are tables tagged and described with in-text summaries where appropriate?

Answer: Never
Score: 0
Notes: Tables are not tagged, and do not have In-text summaries.

Do table headers allow for easy navigation with screen readers?

Answer: Sometimes
Score: 1
Notes: 1. Yes
2. No
3. No
4. No
5. No.

Does the bookmarks panel display bookmarks?

Answer: Sometimes
Score: 1
Notes: 1 No
2 No
3 No
4 Yes
5 No

Do bookmarks link to the correct sections in the document?

Answer: Sometimes
Score: 1
Notes: 1 NA
2 NA
3 NA
4 Yes (2024)
5 NA
6 NA
7 Yes (2025)
8 NA

Are videos captioned?

Answer: Not Applicable
Score: -1
Notes: There do not seem to be any videos or audio files in this entire eresource. Where blogs or websites are referenced, the material is made available in full text only, rather than as a video or audio file.

If captions are closed, and need to be turned on by the user, is that process straightforward and intuitive?

Are captions typo-free and grammatically correct (unless slang and grammatical errors are intentionally used in the video)?

Does caption placement avoid blocking any important visual components necessary to understand the video?

Are the captions in sync with spoken words?

For videos that contain captions, are transcripts provided?

For videos that do not contain captions, are transcripts provided?

Do videos include described video, or if not, is there a text equivalent of the video provided on the same page or via a link?

If the video includes described video or a text equivalent of the video, is it an accurate description of the video contents?

Is a link to a text transcript provided in reasonable proximity to the audio clip?

If a transcript is provided, does it accurately capture the content of the audio?

eResource: Canadian Business & Current Affairs (CBCA)

eResource Type: Database

Vendor: ProQuest

Institution: Lambton

Score: F

Key Findings

Weaknesses

PDFs are searchable but not tagged

PDFs

Searchable PDFs

Question	Answer	Notes	Images
Are the sampled PDFs image-only?	Never	5 sampled PDF articles were not Image-Only.	no images
Are the sampled PDFs locked (secured)?	Never	None of the five articles were locked.	no images
Are the sampled PDFs fully searchable?	Always	All five PDFs were searchable and extractable.	no images

Tagged PDFs

Question	Answer	Notes	Images
Are alternative descriptions provided?	Never	Sample 1a 5 issues failed Figures alternate text failed Nested alternate text failed Associated with content failed Hides annotation failed Other elements alternate text failed Sample 2a same as above Sample 3a same as above Sample 4a same as above Sample 5a same as above	no images
Is primary language specified?	Sometimes	1 No, failed 2 Yes, passed 3 No, failed 4 No, failed 5 No, failed	no images
Is reliable character encoding provided?	Always	1. Passed 2. Passed 3. Passed 4. Passed 5. Passed	no images
Are all page elements tagged?	Never	1 Tagged content failed 2 Tagged content failed 3 Tagged content failed 4 Tagged content failed 5 Tagged content failed	no images
Are list and table structure correct?	Never	1 NA (no lists or tables) 2 NA (no lists or tables) 3 Tables and lists failed 4 Tables and lists failed 5 Tables and lists failed	no images

Structure: Reading Order

Question	Answer	Notes	Images
Does the Read Out Loud function read the PDF in a logical way, preserving the order of the text and various sections?	Sometimes	1 Yes 2 Yes 3 (Perceptions of gender equity in emergency) This article is in two column format, which the reader tool managed fine, until it encountered the first Tables, which were placed in adjacent columns. Most of the content was bookmarked, but the tables were not bookmarked. The reader jumbled the two tables together. Table 2 was shorter than table 1, and there was continuing text to read after table 2. This continuing text was jumbled with the content of the ongoing Table 1. 4 (Indigenous and non-Indigenous) This article was not bookmarked, so the reader attempted to read full pages in order. When I attempted to use the "advance" button on the tool to skip to the next page, it did not go directly to the following page, but skipped it and landed on the page after that. I was able to use the "back" button in the tool to return to the page that was skipped. The tool was completely unable to handle Tables as they occurred, though there was this time only one column of main text. The first table was divided into sections, and this was unmanageable for the screen reader. 5 (Building food system resilience) Reader did fine until it encountered Table 1. The title and column headings were fine, but in reading horizontal rows, it occasionally jumped from the first column to the third, though it had not finished the text in the first column, and there was content in the second column: "Integration...[skipped: of resilience-inspired policymaking; System variable] required for generating momentum"	Perceptions of gender equity in emergency medicine in Canada tables_0.png Indigenous and non-Indigenous 2021 Unemployment employment and participation rates table 1_0.png Building food system resilience table 1.png
Does the Read out Loud function avoid problematic elements such as excessive blank spaces read as “blank”?	Not Applicable	Did not find examples of items with "problematic elements" to sample.	no images
Are the controls consistent and effective for navigating through the document?	Sometimes	1 Yes 2 Yes 3 This article was not bookmarked, so the reader attempted to read full pages in order. When I attempted to use the "advance" button on the tool to skip to the next page, it did not go directly to the following page, but skipped it and landed on the page after that. I was able to use the "back" button in the tool to return to the page that was skipped. The tool was completely unable to handle Tables as they occurred, though there was this time only one column of main text. The first table was divided into sections, and this was unmanageable for the screen reader. 4 (Indigenous and non-Indigenous) This article was not bookmarked, so the reader attempted to read full pages in order. When I attempted to use the "advance" button on the tool to skip to the next page, it did not go directly to the following page, but skipped it and landed on the page after that. I was able to use the "back" button in the tool to return to the page that was skipped. The tool was completely unable to handle Tables as they occurred, though there was this time only one column of main text. The first table was divided into sections, and this was unmanageable for the screen reader. 5 Yes	Perceptions of gender equity in emergency medicine in Canada tables_1.png Indigenous and non-Indigenous 2021 Unemployment employment and participation rates table 1_1.png

Magnification

Question	Answer	Notes	Images
When zooming in to 250%, does all text, images, tables, and other elements appear clear and easy to read?	Sometimes	1 NA 2 NA 3 Any Graphs, tables and labels are easy to read 4 Any Graphs, tables and labels are easy to read 5 Any Graphs, tables and labels are a bit pixelated, NO	no images

Images

Positioning of Images

Question	Answer	Notes	Images
Are the images positioned prominently and easy to find?	Always	1 NA 2 NA 3 Yes easy 4 Yes easy 5 Yes easy	no images

Alternative Description

Question	Answer	Notes	Images
Do informative images contain appropriate alt text or an appropriate textual alternative?	Never	None of the documents tested has tagging, so there is no alt text for images.	no images
Do images used as titles contain appropriate alt text or an appropriate textual alternative?	Never	None of the PDFs sampled has tags, so there are no images used as titles that would have alt text.	no images
Do rich images contain appropriate alt text or an appropriate textual alternative?	Never	None of the PDFs sampled had tags, so none of the rich images would have alt text.	no images

Tables

Question	Answer	Notes	Images
Are tables tagged and described with in-text summaries where appropriate?	Never	Tables are not tagged, and do not have In-text summaries.	no images
Do table headers allow for easy navigation with screen readers?	Sometimes	1. Yes 2. No 3. No 4. No 5. No.	no images

Additional Navigational Aids

Question	Answer	Notes	Images
Does the bookmarks panel display bookmarks?	Sometimes	1 No 2 No 3 No 4 Yes 5 No	no images
Do bookmarks link to the correct sections in the document?	Sometimes	1 NA 2 NA 3 NA 4 Yes (2024) 5 NA 6 NA 7 Yes (2025) 8 NA	no images

Video Captions

Question	Answer	Notes	Images
Are videos captioned?	Not Applicable	There do not seem to be any videos or audio files in this entire eresource. Where blogs or websites are referenced, the material is made available in full text only, rather than as a video or audio file.	no images
If captions are closed, and need to be turned on by the user, is that process straightforward and intuitive?	Not Applicable	There do not seem to be any videos or audio files in this entire eresource. Where blogs or websites are referenced, the material is made available in full text only, rather than as a video or audio file.	no images
Are captions typo-free and grammatically correct (unless slang and grammatical errors are intentionally used in the video)?	Not Applicable	There do not seem to be any videos or audio files in this entire eresource. Where blogs or websites are referenced, the material is made available in full text only, rather than as a video or audio file.	no images
Does caption placement avoid blocking any important visual components necessary to understand the video?	Not Applicable	There do not seem to be any videos or audio files in this entire eresource. Where blogs or websites are referenced, the material is made available in full text only, rather than as a video or audio file.	no images
Are the captions in sync with spoken words?	Not Applicable	There do not seem to be any videos or audio files in this entire eresource. Where blogs or websites are referenced, the material is made available in full text only, rather than as a video or audio file.	no images
For videos that contain captions, are transcripts provided?	Not Applicable	There do not seem to be any videos or audio files in this entire eresource. Where blogs or websites are referenced, the material is made available in full text only, rather than as a video or audio file.	no images
For videos that do not contain captions, are transcripts provided?	Not Applicable	There do not seem to be any videos or audio files in this entire eresource. Where blogs or websites are referenced, the material is made available in full text only, rather than as a video or audio file.	no images

Described Video

Question	Answer	Notes	Images
Do videos include described video, or if not, is there a text equivalent of the video provided on the same page or via a link?	Not Applicable	There do not seem to be any videos or audio files in this entire eresource. Where blogs or websites are referenced, the material is made available in full text only, rather than as a video or audio file.	no images
If the video includes described video or a text equivalent of the video, is it an accurate description of the video contents?	Not Applicable	There do not seem to be any videos or audio files in this entire eresource. Where blogs or websites are referenced, the material is made available in full text only, rather than as a video or audio file.	no images

Audio Accessibility

Question	Answer	Notes	Images
Is a link to a text transcript provided in reasonable proximity to the audio clip?	Not Applicable	There do not seem to be any videos or audio files in this entire eresource. Where blogs or websites are referenced, the material is made available in full text only, rather than as a video or audio file.	no images
If a transcript is provided, does it accurately capture the content of the audio?	Not Applicable	There do not seem to be any videos or audio files in this entire eresource. Where blogs or websites are referenced, the material is made available in full text only, rather than as a video or audio file.	no images